Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
Published on: May 12, 2023
Jie Guo1,2,3, Xiaofeng Li1,2,3, Ruiqi Ma1,2,3
1Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Orbital decompression surgery for thyroid eye disease can cause ocular imbalance. More extensive decompression (2- and 3-wall) significantly alters eye deviation and muscle function, potentially due to increased rectus muscle force.
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