Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM detection with a GMR based LFIA system

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Immunodiagnostics

Background:

• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global health crisis, necessitating accurate and efficient diagnostic tools.
• Understanding a patient's infection history and degree of infection through antibody testing is crucial for public health policy and patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a simultaneous quantitative detection method for anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies.
• To create a cost-effective, time-efficient, and user-friendly diagnostic system for COVID-19 antibody testing.

Main Methods:

• Preparation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SMNPs) using a co-precipitation method.
• Development of a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) utilizing SMNPs.
• Integration of a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensing system with Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) capabilities for data transmission via Bluetooth.

Main Results:

• Successfully prepared well-dispersed SMNPs with an average diameter of 68 nm.
• Demonstrated simultaneous quantitative detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG.
• The GMR-based LFIA system showed cost-effectiveness, time-efficiency, and ease of operation.

Conclusions:

• The proposed SMNP-based LFIA integrated with a GMR sensing system offers a promising approach for rapid and simultaneous COVID-19 antibody detection.
• This technology can support medical staff in analyzing infection status and maintaining patient records.
• The IoMT-enabled GMR system facilitates accessible medical data transmission for improved healthcare management.