Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

311
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
311
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

826
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
826
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

472
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
472
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

586
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
586
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

265
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
265
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

83
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
83

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PD-L1-centric whole blood-based immune signature profiles of tuberculosis patients during therapy.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Acceptability of a Dolutegravir Oral Dispersible Film in Term Neonates Born to Mothers Living With HIV.

Journal of the International AIDS Society·2026
Same author

Computer-aided detection for radiological disease severity classification on chest radiograph in children with intra-thoracic tuberculosis.

PLOS global public health·2026
Same author

Evolution of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Migrant Minors in Transit to the United States According to their Socioeconomic Context: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Mexico.

Journal of immigrant and minority health·2026
Same author

Global burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis in children: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study.

The European respiratory journal·2026
Same author

Letter Reply to "Mind the Postpartum Trough: Closing the Clofazimine Exposure Gap After Delivery in Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis".

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

19.0K

Paediatric tuberculosis - new advances to close persistent gaps.

Ben J Marais1, Sabine Verkuijl2, Martina Casenghi3

  • 1The Children's Hospital at Westmead and the Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|March 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Young children face high tuberculosis (TB) mortality due to diagnostic challenges. Improving access to TB preventive treatment (TPT) requires better diagnostics and embracing pragmatic approaches, even accepting some over-treatment.

Keywords:
case findingchildchildhoodgappreventiontuberculosis

More Related Videos

A High-throughput Compatible Assay to Evaluate Drug Efficacy against Macrophage Passaged Mycobacterium tuberculosis
10:29

A High-throughput Compatible Assay to Evaluate Drug Efficacy against Macrophage Passaged Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: March 24, 2017

8.1K
A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
03:47

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

478

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

19.0K
A High-throughput Compatible Assay to Evaluate Drug Efficacy against Macrophage Passaged Mycobacterium tuberculosis
10:29

A High-throughput Compatible Assay to Evaluate Drug Efficacy against Macrophage Passaged Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Published on: March 24, 2017

8.1K
A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
03:47

A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients

Published on: October 25, 2024

478

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Young children are disproportionately affected by severe tuberculosis (TB) and TB-related deaths.
  • Lack of diagnosis and treatment access significantly contributes to pediatric TB mortality.
  • Current strategies for TB preventive treatment (TPT) in children face barriers like resource allocation and diagnostic limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the challenges in diagnosing and treating tuberculosis in young children.
  • To explore strategies for improving access to TB preventive treatment (TPT) for vulnerable children.
  • To evaluate the potential of new diagnostic tools and pragmatic approaches in pediatric TB care.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewing the vulnerability of young children to severe TB and associated mortality.
  • Examining barriers to TPT access, including diagnostic needs and decentralized care models.
  • Considering the role of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra® and novel urine assays (Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM®) for improved case detection.
  • Discussing the implications of limited diagnostic accuracy and the tolerance of TB drugs in children.

Main Results:

  • Young children are highly vulnerable to severe TB, with most deaths occurring without diagnosis or treatment.
  • Symptom-based screening is less risky for drug resistance generation in children than in adults.
  • New diagnostic tools like urine assays show promise but require further validation.
  • Limited diagnostic accuracy necessitates considering pragmatic approaches, potentially including some over-treatment, to close the case detection gap.

Conclusions:

  • Closing the pediatric TB case detection gap requires innovative approaches beyond traditional methods.
  • Decentralized care models and improved diagnostics are crucial for enhancing TPT access in children.
  • Accepting a degree of over-treatment may be necessary to effectively manage and reduce childhood TB burden given current diagnostic limitations.