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Pulmonary Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)
Pulmonary Function Tests are crucial diagnostic tools for assessing respiratory function, particularly in patients with chronic respiratory disorders. They comprehensively evaluate lung volumes, ventilatory function, breathing mechanics, diffusion, and gas exchange. These tests help diagnose pulmonary diseases and play a significant role in monitoring disease progression, evaluating disability, and assessing response to therapy.
PFTs involve using a spirometer, a...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

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Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Exploring pulmonary function and physical function in childhood cancer: A systematic review.

Simon Ho¹, Gail Betz², Victoria Marchese³

¹Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

|March 15, 2021

Summary

Childhood cancer survivors often have impaired pulmonary and physical function. This review highlights their connection and identifies a need for research into diaphragm function and targeted interventions.

Keywords:

Cancer treatment Childhood cancer Inspiratory muscle strength Late effects Physical function Physical rehabilitation Pulmonary function

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Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Published on: January 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Pediatric Oncology
Pulmonology
Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

Cancer and its treatments negatively impact children's lung and physical function.
Systematic review focusing on the relationship between pulmonary and physical function in pediatric cancer patients.
Identifies existing literature and highlights knowledge gaps.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the relationship between pulmonary function and physical function in children with cancer.
To identify gaps in the current scientific literature regarding this relationship.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search conducted across major databases (Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase).
Inclusion criteria focused on studies published between 2009 and March 2020.
Analysis of 57 selected studies.

Main Results:

Pulmonary dysfunction was reported in 37 studies, with incidence rates from 45.5% to 84.1%.
Impaired physical function was noted in 18 studies.
Only three studies examined the pulmonary-physical function link; none explored inspiratory muscle strength.

Conclusions:

Pulmonary and physical function are interconnected and frequently compromised in pediatric cancer patients.
A significant gap exists in understanding diaphragm function's role in physical function for this population.
Future research should prioritize interventions targeting pulmonary mechanisms to improve physical function.