Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines01:24

Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines

1.4K
Theophylline, a member of the methylxanthine class of bronchodilators, has long been used in asthma management. While its exact mechanism of action is not fully understood, it is believed to have multiple effects on various cellular processes.
Theophylline is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This rise in cAMP and cGMP concentrations stimulates cardiac function,...
1.4K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

311
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
311
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

265
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
265
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

826
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
826
COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids01:26

COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids

532
Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
532
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

586
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
586

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Xpert Ultra on nasopharyngeal swabs detects one-third of pulmonary tuberculosis: a nested case-control study in South African primary care.

Research square·2026
Same author

A Urine Tenofovir Point-of-Care Assay Facilitates Positive Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Discussions Among People Living With HIV and Healthcare Providers-A Mixed-Methods Evaluation in Cape Town, South Africa.

Journal of the International AIDS Society·2026
Same author

Deep learning approach for probabilistic pulmonary function estimation from chest X-ray and peak expiratory flow rate.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

Serum vs. tissue cytokine dysregulation in SLE-associated myocarditis: a hypothesis from an African cohort perspective.

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Letter Reply to "Mind the Postpartum Trough: Closing the Clofazimine Exposure Gap After Delivery in Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis".

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

#Post-tuberculosis lung disease: no ICD code, no problem?

The Lancet. Respiratory medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 13, 2025

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

2.0K

Post-tuberculous lung disease: should we be using Theophylline?

Sumanth Karamchand1, Morne Williams1, Poobalan Naidoo2

  • 1Division of Pulmonology, Western Cape Department of Health, Tygerberg Hospital, Bellville, South Africa.

Journal of Thoracic Disease
|March 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Post-tuberculous lung disease (PTBLD) causes chronic respiratory issues. This review explores theophylline as a potential, affordable treatment for PTBLD, examining its anti-inflammatory and bronchodilatory effects.

Keywords:
Post tuberculous lung disease (PTBLD)chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)pulmonary hypertensiontheophyllinetuberculosis (TB)

More Related Videos

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
10:10

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

19.2K
Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

19.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 13, 2025

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
09:34

An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis

Published on: August 16, 2021

2.0K
A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
10:10

A 3D Human Lung Tissue Model for Functional Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Published on: October 5, 2015

19.2K
Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

19.0K

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) impacts millions globally, with South Africa highly affected.
  • Post-tuberculous lung disease (PTBLD) is a chronic respiratory condition following TB treatment, lacking affordable therapies.
  • PTBLD presents heterogeneously, sharing features with COPD, bronchiectasis, fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of theophylline for managing post-tuberculous lung disease (PTBLD).
  • To evaluate theophylline's bronchodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and pleiotropic effects in the context of PTBLD.
  • To explore repositioning theophylline as an accessible treatment for PTBLD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on theophylline's pharmacological properties.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding theophylline's efficacy in respiratory conditions.
  • Examination of PTBLD's pathophysiology and potential therapeutic targets.

Main Results:

  • Theophylline exhibits bronchodilatory and anti-inflammatory properties relevant to PTBLD management.
  • Its affordability and availability make it a viable candidate for PTBLD treatment.
  • Further research is needed to confirm its efficacy and safety profile in PTBLD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Theophylline shows promise as a repositioned, cost-effective therapeutic agent for post-tuberculous lung disease.
  • Its established pharmacological actions warrant clinical investigation for PTBLD.
  • Addressing the treatment gap for PTBLD may be advanced by exploring theophylline's role.