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Tuberculosis and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from A Clinical Perspective: A Systematic Review

Tri Hari Irfani1, Reynold Siburian2, Riska Nabila2

  • 1Universitas Sriwijaya, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Palembang, Indonesia.

Medeniyet Medical Journal
|March 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacts Tuberculosis (TB) management, with co-infection leading to severe complications and high mortality. BCG vaccination may offer some protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted global health systems, including the management of Tuberculosis (TB).
  • Understanding the interplay between COVID-19 and TB is crucial for patient care and public health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis (TB) management.
  • To assess the prevalence and outcomes of TB and COVID-19 co-infection.

Main Methods:

  • A literature search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Science Direct, PubMed Central, MedRxiv, Wiley, Google Scholar) up to May 8, 2020.
  • Five studies meeting selection criteria, primarily from China, were included, involving 24 to 203 participants.

Main Results:

  • TB and COVID-19 co-infection presented with severe complications, including the need for oxygen, pneumothorax, and hypoxia.
  • The case fatality rate for co-infected patients was high at 12.3% (6/49).
  • Countries lacking BCG vaccination policies appeared more vulnerable to severe COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 poses significant challenges to TB management.
  • Co-infection with TB and COVID-19 is associated with severe adverse outcomes and increased mortality.
  • BCG vaccination status may influence the severity of COVID-19 outcomes.

Keywords:
BCG vaccineCOVID-19tuberculosis

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