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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor producing retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma.

Kyotaro Fukuta¹, Kei Daizumoto¹, Masayuki Takahashi¹

¹Department of Urology Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima Tokushima Japan.

IJU Case Reports

|March 15, 2021

Summary

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma is a rare cancer with a poor prognosis. Current treatments, including surgery and chemotherapy, offer limited efficacy, highlighting the need for novel systemic therapies.

Keywords:

G‐CSF‐producing tumor chemotherapy immunohistochemical staining leukocytosis retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Pathology

Background:

Nonhematopoietic malignancies producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) are associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma is a rare soft tissue sarcoma with aggressive behavior.

Observation:

A case of a 62-year-old woman with a G-CSF-producing retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma presenting with fever and left lower quadrant pain.
Initial treatment involved surgical resection (nephroureterectomy, partial colectomy, psoas resection), followed by chemotherapy (doxorubicin, ifosfamide) and pazopanib with radiation for metastatic disease.
Despite aggressive multimodal treatment, the patient experienced rapid progression of lung, liver, and bone metastases, succumbing to the disease 17 months post-operation.

Findings:

Histological examination confirmed a G-CSF-producing retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma.
The patient's condition deteriorated rapidly despite extensive treatment, indicating the aggressive nature of this tumor type.

Implications:

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma carries a very poor prognosis, even with aggressive treatment modalities.
There is a critical need for the development of effective systemic therapies to improve outcomes for patients with this rare and aggressive malignancy.