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Venous thrombosis in neonates

Mihir D Bhatt1, Anthony Kc Chan1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Faculty Reviews
|March 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal thrombosis incidence is rising, particularly in intensive care units. More research is needed on anticoagulation therapy for conditions like cerebral sinovenous thrombosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Neonatal Intensive Care
  • Thrombotic Disorders

Background:

  • The incidence of thrombotic disorders in neonates and children is increasing.
  • Neonates face a higher risk of thrombosis due to their developing coagulation system and intensive care needs.
  • Advances in diagnostics and supportive care contribute to increased identification of these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances (last 3 years) in neonatal thrombosis.
  • To focus on epidemiology, cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT), renal vein thrombosis (RVT), and portal vein thrombosis (PVT).
  • To highlight international efforts to improve evidence for managing neonatal thrombotic events.

Main Methods:

  • Review of contemporary literature on neonatal thrombosis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data from recent studies.
  • Discussion of ongoing international research initiatives.

Main Results:

  • Contemporary incidence of neonatal thrombosis is 6.9-15 per 1,000 NICU admissions, higher than previous reports.
  • Most recent studies are small, retrospective, and single-centered.
  • There is a recognized need for robust data on anticoagulation therapy (ACT) for CSVT, RVT, and PVT.

Conclusions:

  • International collaborations like the International Pediatric Thrombosis Network (IPTN) and International Pediatric Stroke Study (IPSS) are crucial for advancing research.
  • Further evidence is required to establish the efficacy and safety of ACT in neonatal thrombosis management.
  • The findings underscore the need for larger, multicenter studies and clinical trials.

Keywords:
Neonatethrombosis

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