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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

Published on: November 28, 2017

Stacking-Engineered Heterostructures in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

Shixuan Wang¹, Xuehao Cui¹, Chang'e Jian¹

¹Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|March 15, 2021

Summary

Engineered stacking of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers creates novel van der Waals heterostructures. This review details fabrication, characterization, and properties of these advanced materials for new device functionalities.

Keywords:

2D materials heterostructures stacking transition metal dichalcogenides twist angle

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Last Updated: Nov 13, 2025

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

Preparation of Large-area Vertical 2D Crystal Hetero-structures Through the Sulfurization of Transition Metal Films for Device Fabrication

Published on: November 28, 2017

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Published on: July 5, 2019

Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials

Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials

Published on: July 18, 2025

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer unique electronic and optical properties.
Layer-by-layer assembly enables the creation of van der Waals heterostructures (HSs) with tailored functionalities.
Stacking engineering represents a novel frontier in materials design and device fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive systematic review of stacking-engineered TMD heterostructures.
To cover controllable fabrication methods, characterization techniques, and physical behaviors.
To summarize recent advances in stacking design and outline future challenges and strategies.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review focusing on stacking-engineered 2D materials.
Analysis of fabrication techniques for controlled monolayer assembly.
Review of characterization methods for TMD heterostructures.
Compilation of studies on stacking-correlated physical phenomena.

Main Results:

Detailed overview of controllable fabrication of TMD-based van der Waals heterostructures.
Summary of characterization techniques applicable to stacked 2D materials.
Discussion of physical properties influenced by stacking sequence, twist angles, and moiré superlattices.
Identification of recent advancements in stacking design strategies.

Conclusions:

Stacking engineering of 2D TMDs provides a powerful platform for materials innovation.
Precise control over stacking parameters unlocks novel functionalities and device applications.
Further research is needed to overcome current challenges and fully exploit stacking engineering for property tuning.