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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

805
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Complexation Equilibria: Overview01:23

Complexation Equilibria: Overview

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Complexation reactions take place when dative or coordinate covalent bonds form between metal ions and ligands. The compounds formed in these reactions are called coordination compounds. The number of bonds formed between the metal ion and the ligands is called its coordination number. Generally, most metal ions in an aqueous solution are solvated by water molecules and thus exist as aqua complexes.
The equilibrium constant of the complexation reaction is represented as the formation constant...
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Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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Multi-State Dynamic Coordination Complexes Interconverted through Counterion-Controlled Phase Transfer.

Ho Fung Cheng1, McKinley K Paul1, Andrea I d'Aquino1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States.

Inorganic Chemistry
|March 15, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic weak-link approach (WLA) complexes can be switched between solvents and structural states using simple salt changes. This enables phase-specific ligand rearrangement and potential for biphasic chemical separations.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dynamic weak-link approach (WLA) complexes offer reconfigurable structures.
  • Controlling complex behavior in multiphasic environments is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phase transfer and structural switching of WLA complexes.
  • To explore the role of ligand donor strength in heteroligated complexes.
  • To demonstrate the potential for biphasic separations using WLA complexes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized dynamic weak-link approach (WLA) complexes.
  • Employed ion exchange for phase shuttling between immiscible solvents.
  • Analyzed structural rearrangements based on ligand donor strengths.

Main Results:

  • Hydrophobic anions facilitated aqueous-to-organic phase transfer of cationic WLA complexes.
  • Chloride ions reversed the phase transfer process.
  • Complex denticity (mono- to bi-) was modulated by phase partitioning.
  • Heteroligated complexes rearranged into homoligated complexes, favoring stronger coordination bonds.
  • Observed stimuli-responsive behavior of hemilabile ligands in multiphasic systems.

Conclusions:

  • WLA complexes exhibit dynamic and stimuli-responsive behavior in biphasic solvent systems.
  • Phase partitioning drives ligand rearrangement to optimize coordination bonds.
  • This work demonstrates the potential of WLA complexes for designing biphasic reaction networks and chemical separations.