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3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Reinforced Hydrogel as an Artificial TMJ Disc
1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Analytical and Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Journal of Dental Research
|March 15, 2021
Summary
A novel artificial temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc made of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) shows promise for repairing damaged TMJ discs. This biomaterial offers excellent mechanical properties and promotes joint stability in animal models.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- Replacing damaged temporomandibular joint (TMJ) discs is a significant clinical challenge.
- No existing artificial disc material fully replicates the properties of a natural TMJ disc.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and evaluate a novel artificial TMJ disc using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel and polycaprolactone (PCL).
- To assess the biomaterial's mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and efficacy in repairing TMJ disc defects in an animal model.
Main Methods:
- A PVA hydrogel was crosslinked via cyclic freeze-thaw and reinforced with 3D-printed PCL implants.
- Mechanical testing (compression, tensile, creep, friction) and surface analysis (SEM, AFM) were performed.
- Cytotoxicity assays and in vivo implantation in goats for 12 weeks were conducted.
Main Results:
- The PVA + PCL artificial disc exhibited mechanical strength comparable to natural TMJ discs.
- The artificial disc demonstrated superior fatigue resistance, viscoelasticity, hydrophilicity, and reduced creep.
- Low friction, cytotoxicity, and favorable cell adhesion were observed, with successful in vivo repair and joint protection.
Conclusions:
- The PVA + PCL artificial TMJ disc possesses excellent mechanical and biological properties.
- This novel biomaterial shows significant potential for clinical application in TMJ disc repair.
- The artificial disc effectively maintained joint stability and protected underlying bone and cartilage.
