Discrete probabilistic detection model for a Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode array with crosstalk

Area of Science:

• Photonics and Optical Engineering
• Semiconductor Device Physics

Background:

• Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode arrays are crucial for high-sensitivity light detection.
• Accurate prediction of their detection performance, especially under realistic operating conditions, is essential.
• Crosstalk, a common phenomenon in such arrays, significantly impacts performance but is often simplified or ignored in models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a discrete-time probability model for predicting Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode array detection performance.
• To incorporate the effects of crosstalk into the modeling process.
• To quantify the impact of crosstalk on array detection probability.

Main Methods:

• A discrete-time probability model was established, considering multiple influencing factors.
• Crosstalk was mathematically characterized using a transition matrix within the model.
• Verification experiments were conducted, comparing model predictions with existing data and simulated scenarios.

Main Results:

• The model accurately predicted performance in a crosstalk-free scenario, aligning with previous findings.
• Array detection performance showed an approximate linear decrease as crosstalk probability increased.
• At 20% crosstalk probability, the deviation in array detection probability reached up to 27.05% compared to crosstalk-free conditions.

Conclusions:

• The proposed discrete-time probability model effectively predicts Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode array performance, including crosstalk effects.
• Crosstalk significantly degrades array detection performance, demonstrating a clear linear relationship with increasing crosstalk probability.
• The model provides a valuable tool for understanding and mitigating crosstalk-induced performance losses in photodiode arrays.