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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production occurs. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
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Perspective on New Equations for Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate.

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  • 1Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.

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Summary

The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guideline recommends CKD-EPI equations for estimating kidney function in adults and children. These formulas utilize creatinine, age, sex, race, and height for accurate assessment.

Keywords:
eGFRequations for eGFRestimated glomerular filtration rateglomerular filtration rate

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Practice Guidelines
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 guideline advises eGFR calculation for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) management.
  • Accurate estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring kidney disease.
  • Existing eGFR equations must be validated for diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the KDIGO 2012 guideline's recommendations for eGFR calculation.
  • To highlight the specific CKD-EPI and CKiD equations recommended for different age groups.
  • To explain the rationale behind these recommendations, focusing on data availability and validation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for CKD.
  • Identification of recommended eGFR equations for adults (≥18 years) and children (<18 years).
  • Analysis of the input variables used by the recommended CKD-EPI and CKiD equations.

Main Results:

  • The KDIGO 2012 guideline recommends CKD-EPI equations for adults and CKiD equations for children to estimate GFR.
  • These equations utilize readily available data: serum creatinine, age, sex, and race for adults, and height for children.
  • The selection was based on validation in large cohorts with measured GFR (mGFR).

Conclusions:

  • The recommended eGFR equations provide accurate and accessible methods for assessing kidney function in clinical practice.
  • Standardized eGFR calculation aids in consistent diagnosis and management of CKD across age groups.
  • The use of validated equations ensures reliability in clinical decision-making for kidney disease.