[The asymptomatic microhematuria in the physician's practice].
O M Drapkina1, I V Samorodskaya1, V N Larina2
1National Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine.
Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
|March 15, 2021
Summary
Microscopic hematuria, defined as 3+ red blood cells per field, requires individualized diagnosis. Routine population screening for this condition is not currently recommended.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Diagnostic Medicine
Background:
- Microscopic hematuria is the presence of 3 or more red blood cells per high-power field.
- Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria necessitates a careful diagnostic approach to rule out serious conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the definition, prevalence, causes, and diagnostic strategies for microscopic hematuria.
- To evaluate the feasibility of medical screening for microhematuria and establish follow-up protocols.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of Russian and international urological guidelines.
- Analysis of cohort and observational studies, and previous literature reviews.
- Synthesis of data on diagnostic approaches and patient monitoring.
Main Results:
- Microscopic hematuria is defined by specific red blood cell counts in urine microscopy.
- A uniform diagnostic algorithm is not applicable; individualized tactics based on patient factors are essential.
- The primary goal of diagnosis is to exclude life-threatening conditions like malignancy or glomerular damage.
Conclusions:
- Individualized diagnostic strategies are crucial for microscopic hematuria, considering patient history, age, and risk factors.
- Excluding serious pathologies is the main objective of the diagnostic workup.
- Current evidence does not support routine population-based screening for microhematuria; ongoing monitoring may be necessary when the cause remains unidentified.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
106
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
106
01:29Urine Studies I: Urinalysis
558
Urinalysis is a widely used diagnostic test that analyzes urine's physical, chemical, and microscopic characteristics. Healthcare providers use it to detect and monitor various health conditions, including renal disease, urinary tract infections (UTIs), diabetes, and metabolic or systemic disorders.Components of UrinalysisUrinalysis consists of three primary components: physical, chemical, and microscopic examination. Each provides unique insights into the urine sample and, by extension, the...
558
01:21Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System I: Health History
199
The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
199
01:28Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management
118
Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
118
01:30Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
184
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
184
01:17Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management
190
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
190