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The biosynthesis of the cannabinoids.

M Nazir Tahir1, Fred Shahbazi1, Simon Rondeau-Gagné2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada.

Journal of Cannabis Research
|March 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Scientists are exploring cannabis biosynthesis to understand cannabinoid production. This research aims to engineer cannabis strains with specific cannabinoid profiles for potential biomedical applications.

Keywords:
C. sativaCannabinoid biosynthesisDecarboxylationEnzymatic mechanismEnzymatic transformation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cannabis has a long history of use, but scientific investigation was limited by prohibition.
  • Increasing legalization allows for detailed study of cannabis compounds and their production.
  • Understanding cannabinoid biosynthesis is crucial for developing cannabis strains with targeted chemical profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on cannabinoid biosynthesis and biochemistry.
  • To discuss the enzymatic pathways and mechanisms involved in cannabinoid production.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and outline future research directions for cannabinoid science.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific studies on cannabinoid biosynthesis.
  • Analysis of enzymatic pathways and mechanisms of action.
  • Discussion of non-enzymatic decarboxylation processes.

Main Results:

  • Cannabinoid biosynthesis involves complex enzymatic pathways.
  • Non-enzymatic decarboxylation of cannabinoic acids is a key transformation.
  • Significant gaps remain in understanding the biosynthesis of minor cannabinoids.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate cannabinoid biosynthesis.
  • Advanced tools and approaches will be employed to address knowledge gaps.
  • Improved understanding will facilitate access to biomedically relevant cannabinoids.