[Adult non-Hodgkin bone lymphomas]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Hematology
• Radiology

Background:

• Bone lymphomas are classified as primary bone lymphoma (PBL) or secondary bone lymphoma (SBL).
• PBL is a rare entity with generally favorable prognosis, often presenting with non-specific clinical and imaging findings.
• SBL is more common and represents disseminated lymphoma with skeletal involvement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the clinical, imaging, and pathological features of bone lymphomas.
• To discuss therapeutic strategies and prognosis in the context of immunochemotherapy.
• To highlight the utility of Positron Emission Tomography-CT (PET-CT) in lymphoma management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes for bone lymphomas.
• Analysis of imaging modalities, particularly PET-CT, for staging and monitoring.
• Discussion of pathological findings, focusing on diffuse large B-cell lymphoma as the predominant type.

Main Results:

• PBL diagnosis is often challenging, typically confirmed via biopsy, with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being most frequent.
• PET-CT is a sensitive tool for staging, recurrence surveillance, and treatment response assessment.
• Factors like localized disease, low International Prognostic Index (IPI), and complete remission correlate with better outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Bone lymphomas, particularly PBL, require careful diagnosis and management.
• Treatment strategies combining radiotherapy and chemotherapy are effective.
• Long-term sequelae management is crucial for improving patient outcomes.