Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

4.8K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
4.8K
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

9.1K
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
9.1K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

7.2K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
7.2K
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

14.9K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
14.9K
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.1K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.1K
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

4.2K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Metabolic bone disease of prematurity - what should we be measuring?

Pediatric research·2026
Same author

Matrix-directed therapy losartan to identify the effect on the bone resorption marker carboxy-terminal crosslink of type I collagen telopeptide (CTX) in older adolescents and adults with osteogenesis imperfecta recruited from secondary care sites: the 'MOI-A' study; a randomised, phase 2/pilot, dose-escalating trial.

BMJ open·2025
Same author

Longitudinal sequencing of cardiometabolic multimorbidity among older adults and association with subsequent dementia onset.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Mobility and Quality of Life in Children with Paediatric-Onset Hypophosphatasia Treated with Asfotase Alfa: Results from UK Managed Access Agreement.

Advances in therapy·2025
Same author

Losartan alters osteoblast differentiation and increases bone mass through inhibition of TGF<i>B</i> signalling in vitro and in an OIM mouse model.

Bone reports·2024
Same author

Medical Management for Fracture Prevention in Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Calcified tissue international·2024
Same journal

Bone density-based maturation of the midpalatal suture in children aged 8-15 years.

Bone·2026
Same journal

Disrupted phosphate metabolism and SIBLING/ASARM peptide accumulation underlie impaired bone mineralization in klotho-deficient (kl/kl) mice.

Bone·2026
Same journal

Linking genetic variants to bone microstructure: Histological signatures of osteogenesis imperfecta subtypes.

Bone·2026
Same journal

The impact of alcohol consumption on bone mineral density: Insights from cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization studies.

Bone·2026
Same journal

Systemic and local predictors of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients receiving antiresorptive therapy: The Shizuoka Kokuho Database study.

Bone·2026
Same journal

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A nationwide cohort study.

Bone·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
07:35

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

18.6K

Osteogenesis imperfecta in children.

Fawaz Arshad1, Nick Bishop1

  • 1Academic Unit of Child Health, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK.

Bone
|March 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) causes brittle bones and other issues. Bisphosphonates help children reduce fractures and improve mobility, but adult treatment efficacy is unclear. New therapies aim to increase bone mass.

Keywords:
FragilityHypermineralisationHyperosteocytosisMultidisciplinary

More Related Videos

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

12.2K
Tricolor Transgenic Murine Model for Studying Growth Plate Injury
07:58

Tricolor Transgenic Murine Model for Studying Growth Plate Injury

Published on: September 6, 2024

916

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
07:35

Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects

Published on: April 11, 2012

18.6K
Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification
07:23

Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification

Published on: December 3, 2016

12.2K
Tricolor Transgenic Murine Model for Studying Growth Plate Injury
07:58

Tricolor Transgenic Murine Model for Studying Growth Plate Injury

Published on: September 6, 2024

916

Area of Science:

  • Bone biology and genetics
  • Skeletal dysplasias
  • Pharmacological interventions

Background:

  • Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by bone fragility, abnormal bone structure, and increased bone turnover.
  • Soft tissue abnormalities, including sarcopenia, are increasingly recognized in OI patients.
  • Current multidisciplinary treatment approaches primarily involve bisphosphonates, used for two decades.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) pathogenesis, treatment efficacy, and emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of bisphosphonates in OI across different age groups and disease severity.
  • To explore novel therapeutic targets and approaches for managing OI.

Main Methods:

  • Review of meta-analyses on bisphosphonate efficacy in OI.
  • Analysis of current research on OI genetics and pathophysiology.
  • Assessment of preclinical data for novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Bisphosphonates show clear benefits for children with OI, reducing fracture risk and improving bone and motor function.
  • Anti-fracture efficacy of bisphosphonates in adults is equivocal, with ongoing research into long-term benefits.
  • The fundamental pathophysiology linking bone brittleness to other systemic changes in OI remains unclear, despite insights into ER stress and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Bisphosphonates are effective in pediatric OI, but adult treatment requires further investigation.
  • New therapies focusing on increasing bone mass, enhancing autophagy, or stem cell transplantation show promise.
  • Understanding the complex pathophysiology, including TGFb signaling, is crucial for developing targeted OI treatments.