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Baroreflex function in endurance- and static exercise-trained men.

M L Smith1, H M Graitzer, D L Hudson

  • 1Department of Physiology, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Worth 76107.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
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Endurance exercise training blunts reflex cardiovascular control, specifically the heart rate response to blood pressure changes. This finding suggests altered baroreflex sensitivity in endurance-trained individuals compared to untrained or weight-trained groups.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System

Background:

  • Reflex cardiovascular control is crucial for maintaining hemodynamic stability.
  • Exercise training is known to influence cardiovascular regulation, but the specific effects of different training modes on baroreflex function require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of endurance exercise training (ET), weight training (WT), and untrained (UT) states on reflex cardiovascular control.
  • To compare the baroreflex sensitivity and cardiovascular responses to pharmacological and mechanical stimuli across different training groups.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 30 men categorized into ET, UT, and WT groups.
  • Cardiovascular responses assessed via progressive phenylephrine (PE) infusion and lower body negative pressure (LBNP).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measurements included blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and vascular resistance; baroreflex function evaluated using regression analysis and delta heart rate/delta blood pressure.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in vasoconstrictor responses (forearm blood flow and resistance) to PE infusion among the groups.
    • Endurance-trained (ET) subjects exhibited significantly attenuated baroreflex sensitivity (less negative slope in heart rate vs. blood pressure regression) compared to UT and WT groups.
    • Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) confirmed a similar attenuation of reflex chronotropic control in ET subjects.

    Conclusions:

    • Endurance exercise training significantly attenuates baroreflex sensitivity, impacting the heart rate regulation in response to blood pressure challenges.
    • Weight training does not appear to significantly alter baroreflex sensitivity compared to untrained individuals.
    • These findings highlight distinct effects of different exercise training modalities on autonomic cardiovascular control mechanisms.