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Related Experiment Videos

Perspective: How to Develop Nutrient Profiling Models Intended for Global Use: A Manual.

Adam Drewnowski1, Daniel Amanquah2, Breda Gavin-Smith2,3

  • 1Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|March 16, 2021
PubMed
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Nutrient profiling models need adaptation for low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Current models focus on limiting nutrients, but LMIC require models addressing undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies.

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health Policy
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Nutrient profiling (NP) models assess food nutritional quality based on energy and nutrient content.
  • Existing NP models, developed for high-income countries, prioritize limiting calories, fat, sugar, and salt to combat obesity.
  • These energy-driven models may not adequately address public health challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a reconceptualization of nutrient profiling models for LMIC.
  • To highlight the need for NP models that address undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies prevalent in LMIC.
  • To consider the role of food fortification in NP models for global application.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing nutrient profiling models and their limitations in LMIC contexts.
Keywords:
Choices InternationalNutri-ScoreNutrient Rich Food indexOBAASIMAaffordable nutritioncerealfortified foodsmaternal and child healthnutrient inadequaciesnutrient profiling

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  • Analysis of nutritional challenges in LMIC, including undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies.
  • Consideration of nutrient density and beneficial nutrients for LMIC populations.

    • Main Results:

    • Current NP models may be ill-suited for LMIC due to their focus on "nutrients to limit."
    • NP models for LMIC should prioritize "nutrients to increase," such as essential vitamins, minerals, and high-quality protein.
    • Food fortification must be integrated into NP models for LMIC and global use.

    Conclusions:

    • Nutrient profiling models require adaptation to address the dual burden of undernutrition and the risk of diet-related diseases in LMIC.
    • A balanced approach is needed, considering both "empty calories" and essential nutrient deficiencies.
    • Future NP models should be globally applicable and account for diverse public health nutrition needs.