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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

2.7K
Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Paramagnetism01:30

Paramagnetism

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
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Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

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Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

1.8K
In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
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Controlling Magnetic Anisotropy in a Zero-Dimensional S = 1 Magnet Using Isotropic Cation Substitution.

Jamie L Manson1, Samuel P M Curley2, Robert C Williams2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry & Physics, Eastern Washington University, Cheney, Washington 99004, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zinc substitution in [Zn1-xNix(HF2)(pyz)2]SbF6 solid solutions significantly enhances zero-field splitting (D). This tuning of single-ion anisotropy by controlling metal-ligand bond lengths offers potential for designing molecule-based magnetic systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Magnetism

Background:

  • Single-ion magnets (SIMs) are crucial for developing molecule-based magnetic systems.
  • Controlling magnetic properties at the atomic level is key for advancing SIMs.
  • The zero-field splitting (D) is a critical parameter determining the magnetic behavior of SIMs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) substitution on the zero-field splitting (D) in [Zn1-xNix(HF2)(pyz)2]SbF6 solid solutions.
  • To understand the relationship between lattice structure, metal-ligand bond lengths, and magnetic anisotropy.
  • To explore the potential for tuning single-ion anisotropy through controlled chemical substitution.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of [Zn1-xNix(HF2)(pyz)2]SbF6 solid solutions with varying Zn concentrations (specifically x = 0.2 and x = 1).
  • Characterization of the crystal structure and lattice parameters.
  • Magnetic susceptibility measurements to determine the zero-field splitting (D).

Main Results:

  • The solid solution with x = 0.2 exhibited a 22% larger zero-field splitting (D = 16.2(2) K) compared to the x = 1 material (D = 13.3(1) K).
  • Anisotropic lattice expansion in the MN4 plane was observed with increasing Zn concentration.
  • Nonlinear variations in M-F and M-N bond lengths were induced by Zn(II) ion substitution, influenced by the differing donor atom hardness and ionic/covalent bonding characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Zn-substitution in [Zn1-xNix(HF2)(pyz)2]SbF6 effectively tunes the single-ion anisotropy by modifying the local magnetic environment.
  • The observed changes in D are directly linked to anisotropic lattice expansion and variations in metal-ligand bond lengths.
  • This approach provides a viable strategy for designing and optimizing molecule-based magnetic materials, including single-ion magnets.