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Incidence and risk factors of venous thromboembolism after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a single-center experience

Huimin Zeng1, Meng Gao1, Jinbo Chen1

  • 1Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.

World Journal of Urology
|March 16, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is 2.8%. Key risk factors include discontinued anticoagulation, elevated D-dimer, hydronephrosis, higher Caprini RAM score, and postoperative sepsis.

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common procedure for kidney stones.
  • Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential complication following surgical interventions.
  • Identifying VTE risk factors in PCNL patients is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of VTE in patients undergoing PCNL.
  • To identify independent risk factors associated with VTE after PCNL.
  • To develop a predictive model for VTE risk in PCNL patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 896 PCNL cases.
  • Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify risk factors.
  • Development of a nomogram for VTE risk prediction.

Main Results:

  • The overall incidence of VTE was 2.8%.
  • Independent risk factors identified: discontinued anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy, elevated postoperative D-dimer, hydronephrosis, higher Caprini RAM score, and postoperative sepsis.
  • A nomogram demonstrated moderate discriminative ability (concordance index 0.731).

Conclusions:

  • VTE occurs in 2.8% of patients post-PCNL.
  • Patients with identified risk factors require vigilant thromboprophylaxis and early VTE detection.
  • The study provides a predictive tool to aid in managing VTE risk.
Abstract

Keywords:
Deep venous thrombosisNomogramPCNLPostoperative complicationsVenous thromboembolism

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