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Targeting Cancer Metabolism and Current Anti-Cancer Drugs.

Witchuda Sukjoi1, Jarunya Ngamkham2, Paul V Attwood3

  • 1Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|March 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer cells exhibit metabolic flexibility, reprogramming metabolism to survive. Targeting key metabolic enzymes involved in pathways like aerobic glycolysis offers a promising strategy for developing novel anti-cancer drugs.

Keywords:
BioenergeticCancerDrug targetEnzymesMetabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Metabolism

Background:

  • Cancer cells possess distinct metabolic hallmarks compared to normal cells.
  • Metabolic flexibility enables cancer cells to adapt to nutrient and oxygen-depleted microenvironments.
  • Cancer cells reprogram metabolism, increasing aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and anabolic pathways to support proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review metabolic adaptations in cancer.
  • To highlight crucial metabolic enzymes targeted by anti-cancer drugs.
  • To discuss the efficacy and limitations of current anti-cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cancer metabolism.
  • Analysis of key regulatory enzymes in cancer metabolic pathways.
  • Evaluation of pre-clinical and clinical data for anti-cancer drugs targeting metabolism.

Main Results:

  • Metabolic reprogramming, including aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis, is a key survival mechanism for cancer cells.
  • Specific enzymes in aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, fatty acid synthesis, and bioenergetic pathways are crucial for cancer growth.
  • Small molecules targeting these enzymes show potential for inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting cancer-specific metabolic pathways and enzymes represents a viable strategy for novel anti-cancer drug development.
  • Understanding metabolic flexibility is key to overcoming therapeutic resistance.
  • Current metabolic-targeting drugs show promise but require further optimization to address pitfalls in pre-clinical and clinical studies.