From the cytoskeleton to the nucleus: An integrated view on early spindle assembly

Accurate chromosome segregation requires a complete restructuring of cellular organization. Microtubules remodel to assemble a mitotic spindle and the actin cytoskeleton rearranges to form a stiff actomyosin cortex. These cytoplasmic events must be spatially and temporally coordinated with mitotic chromosome condensation and nuclear envelope permeabilization, in order to ensure mitotic timing and fidelity. Here, we discuss the main cytoskeletal and nuclear events that occur during mitotic entry in proliferating animal cells, focusing on their coordinated contribution for early mitotic spindle assembly. We will also explore recent progress in understanding their regulatory biochemical and mechanical pathways.