Sexual differences in the development of accessory olfactory bulbs in the rat

The aim of this investigation was 1) to compare the development of AOB in male and female rats before birth, early after birth, and at later stages of sexual immaturity and maturity 2) to examine the effects of early and delayed castration after birth on AOB development in the male rat. A significant increase of the surface area of AOB was observed in both sexes from birth until postnatal day 7, but AOB was found to be larger in males than in females. From the end of the first postnatal week AOB stopped growing until day 40 in both males and females. After this time AOB resumed its development until day 60 in males, while no changes occurred in females over the same period. Castration of males at birth or six hours later impaired development of AOB. Castration of males on postnatal days 20 or 30 also impaired AOB development until day 60. The results strongly suggest that the development of AOB in the male rat is dependent on the two well known "perinatal" and "adult" phases of the endocrine activity of the testes.