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Experimentally induced nasal allergic responses.

S M Walden1, D Proud, R Bascom

  • 1Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.

The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|May 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Allergic rhinitis involves early and late inflammatory responses to allergens. Topical steroids effectively block both early and late phases, impacting allergic inflammation and offering therapeutic potential.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergy Research
  • Pathogenesis of Allergic Rhinitis

Background:

  • Allergic rhinitis pathogenesis involves complex inflammatory responses.
  • Understanding the distinct phases of allergic reactions is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis using a nasal challenge model.
  • To examine early, late, and rechallenge responses to antigen provocation.
  • To evaluate the effects of aspirin and steroids on allergic responses and mediator release.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a nasal challenge model in mice.
  • Assessment of physiological responses, inflammatory mediator release, and cellular influx.
  • Administration of aspirin, systemic steroids, and topical steroids as pretreatment.

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Main Results:

  • Early allergic response linked to mast cell activation; late response involves diverse inflammatory cells.
  • Aspirin reduced cyclooxygenase metabolites but did not affect early responses or histamine/leukotriene C4 levels.
  • Systemic steroids reduced late/rechallenge responses and eosinophil influx, but not neutrophil influx.
  • Topical steroids blocked all phases of the allergic response, including cellular influx.

Conclusions:

  • An inflammatory process unequivocally follows the initial antigen response in allergic rhinitis.
  • Drug interventions, particularly topical steroids, significantly impact allergic inflammation.
  • Further understanding of allergic inflammation may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.