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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

543
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
543
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

741
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
741

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
07:01

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Published on: September 20, 2020

5.0K

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Functional Connectivity Predicts Working Memory Training Gains.

Sofia Faraza1, Julia Waldenmaier1, Martin Dyrba2

  • 1Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|March 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive training can improve working memory in older adults. Higher functional connectivity in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is linked to better training gains, though improvements are limited.

Keywords:
cognitive trainingdorsolateral prefrontal cortexfunctional connectivityhealthy older adultsworking memory gains

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Normal aging is characterized by working memory decline.
  • This decline correlates with altered functional activation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).
  • Cognitive training offers a potential method to enhance cognitive functions in healthy older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between resting-state functional connectivity (FC) of the DLPFC and improvements in working memory after cognitive training.
  • To assess determinants of training gain generalization to untrained tasks in older adults.
  • To evaluate the long-term maintenance of cognitive gains post-intervention.

Main Methods:

  • A 4-week cognitive training program focusing on working memory tasks was administered to 60 healthy older adults.
  • Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) was used to measure baseline functional connectivity (FC) of the DLPFC.
  • Neuropsychological assessments were conducted pre-training, post-training, and at a 12-week follow-up to evaluate working memory performance (digit span backward, visual block span backward).

Main Results:

  • Higher FC in the right DLPFC was significantly associated with greater training gains and improved performance on visuospatial tasks.
  • The cognitive benefits of the training were primarily observed immediately after the intervention period.
  • Participants in the training group demonstrated significant improvements in the digit span backward task.

Conclusions:

  • Functional activation patterns within the DLPFC are linked to the extent of working memory training gains and improvements in visuospatial abilities.
  • While cognitive training can induce improvements and lead to training gains in aging populations, these effects appear to be limited in scope and duration.