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Indigenous Gambling and Problem Gambling in Canada.

Robert J Williams1, Yale D Belanger2, Carrie A Leonard3

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, T1K3M4, Canada. Robert.williams@uleth.ca.

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|March 18, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Canadian Indigenous peoples show higher rates of problem gambling, particularly with electronic gambling machines (EGMs). Addressing modifiable risk factors and social conditions is crucial for prevention and intervention strategies.

Keywords:
CanadaGamblingIndigenousProblem gambling

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Problem gambling disproportionately affects Indigenous populations in Canada.
  • Understanding specific risk factors and gambling behaviors is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To profile gambling and problem gambling behaviors among Canadian Indigenous adults.
  • To identify predictors of problem gambling within this population.
  • To compare risk factors between Indigenous and non-Indigenous problem gamblers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the 2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) and an online panel survey.
  • Included a large sample of Canadian adults, with specific analysis of Indigenous participants.
  • Employed statistical analysis to identify predictive variables for problem gambling.

Main Results:

  • Higher rates of overall gambling and problem gambling (2.0% vs. 0.5%) were observed in Indigenous compared to non-Indigenous samples.
  • Indigenous individuals showed greater participation in electronic gambling machines (EGMs), bingo, and instant lotteries.
  • Predictive factors for Indigenous problem gambling included EGM use, gambling fallacies, mental/substance use disorders, sports betting, and male gender.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated Indigenous problem gambling rates are linked to higher prevalence of generic risk factors, not unique ones.
  • Indigenous problem gamblers exhibited higher substance use and lower impulsivity than non-Indigenous counterparts.
  • Recommendations include reducing EGM concentration in Indigenous communities and addressing social determinants of health.