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Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
Published on: November 5, 2021
[SARS-CoV-2 vaccines]
Thomas Lars Benfield1, Jannik Helweg-Larsen
1thomas.lars.benfield@regionh.dk.
Abstract:
Control of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) will require one or more vaccines. Currently, numerous SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are in either pre-clinical or clinical development. Twenty are in fase III development. In this review we summarise available safety and efficacy data of two RNA based vaccines, two non-replication competent vector-based vaccine, one inactivated whole-virus vaccine, and one subunit. All being either approved or nearing approval.
Insights
Developing effective vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This review summarizes safety and efficacy data for various leading vaccine candidates nearing approval.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, necessitates the development of safe and effective vaccines for global control.
- Numerous vaccine candidates are undergoing development, with many in late-stage clinical trials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and summarize the available safety and efficacy data for various types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
- To provide an overview of vaccines that are approved or nearing approval.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of preclinical and clinical data for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
- Focus on RNA-based, vector-based, inactivated whole-virus, and subunit vaccines.
- Analysis of safety and efficacy data from Phase III trials.
Main Results:
- Summary of safety profiles for different vaccine platforms.
- Efficacy data presented for leading vaccine candidates.
- Comparison of vaccine types nearing regulatory approval.
Conclusions:
- Several vaccine types show promising safety and efficacy for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
- The data supports the ongoing approval and deployment of diverse SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
- Vaccine development is critical for pandemic mitigation efforts.
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