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Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

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A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
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Active particles with polar alignment in ring-shaped confinement.

Zahra Fazli1, Ali Naji1,2

  • 1School of Physics, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran.

Physical Review. E
|March 19, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Active Brownian particles exhibit a population reversal in an annulus, moving to the inner convex boundary due to alignment and curvature. This challenges conventional accumulation patterns on concave surfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Active Brownian particles (ABPs) are self-propelled entities exhibiting complex behaviors.
  • Geometric confinement and interparticle interactions significantly influence ABP dynamics.
  • Curvature of confinement can lead to non-uniform particle distributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate steady-state properties of active, nonchiral and chiral Brownian particles in a 2D annulus.
  • Explore the interplay between polar alignment, steric interactions, and confinement geometry.
  • Identify and explain the surface-population reversal phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical study of active, nonchiral and chiral Brownian particles.
  • Analysis of systems with polar alignment and steric interactions.
  • Modeling confined particles within a ring-shaped confinement (annulus).

Main Results:

  • Observed a surface-population reversal effect: particles migrate from concave to convex boundaries.
  • Demonstrated that population reversal is driven by both particle alignment and surface curvature.
  • Showed the effect disappears when either alignment or curvature is absent.

Conclusions:

  • Active particle accumulation in curved confinements is tunable via interparticle forces and geometry.
  • The findings challenge conventional understanding of particle behavior in curved environments.
  • This work provides insights into active matter dynamics in confined geometries.