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Is There a Cohort Explanation for Declines in Elderly Migration?

Barry Edmonston¹, Sharon M Lee¹, Zheng Wu¹

¹Department of Sociology and Population Research Group, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.

Canadian Journal on Aging = La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement

|March 19, 2021

Summary

Elderly Canadians

Keywords:

Canadiens âgés aging elderly Canadians migration mobility status mobilité vieillissement

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Sociology
Demography

Background:

Previous research indicated a significant decrease in residential mobility among Canadians aged 65 and older since 1961.
This study updates these findings using recent census data.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine recent trends in elderly residential mobility in Canada.
To investigate the role of birth cohorts in explaining changes in elderly migration patterns.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 2011 and 2016 Canadian census data.
Descriptive analysis of interprovincial migration from 1871 to present.
Multivariate analysis of interprovincial migration data from 1971 to 2016.

Main Results:

Elderly residential mobility continued to decline, with decreases of 20% or more across all mobility types.
The 1906-1925 birth cohorts exhibited slightly higher migration rates than later cohorts.
Cohort effects explained 10% of the decrease in elderly migration between 1981 and 2016.

Conclusions:

Elderly residential mobility in Canada has continued its downward trend.
Birth cohort analysis, particularly the cohort entering adulthood during WWII, offers partial explanation for decreased elderly migration.
Further research is needed to fully understand the factors contributing to reduced elderly mobility.