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Detection of Optic Neuritis on Routine Brain MRI without and with the Assistance of an Image Postprocessing

A Schroeder¹, G Van Stavern^2,3, H L P Orlowski⁴

¹Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, (A. Schroeder), Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology

|March 19, 2021

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This summary is machine-generated.

Detecting optic neuritis on routine brain MRI is difficult. A postprocessing algorithm improved specificity and agreement between radiologists, aiding diagnosis of this optic nerve condition.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Radiology
Medical Imaging

Background:

Optic neuritis diagnosis often requires routine brain MRI near symptom onset.
Accurate detection of optic neuritis on standard MRI can be challenging for radiologists.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate radiologists' diagnostic performance in identifying optic neuritis using routine brain MRI.
To determine if a postprocessing algorithm can enhance optic neuritis detection on MRI.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case-control study involving 60 patients.
Two blinded neuroradiologists assessed T2-weighted FLAIR and contrast-enhanced T1WI MRI scans.
An image-processing algorithm was applied to accentuate diseased optic nerves.

Main Results:

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Average sensitivity for optic neuritis detection was low (30.0%-56.5%) across different MRI sequences.
Postprocessing increased contrast-to-noise ratio but did not improve sensitivity.
Specificity, positive predictive value, and interobserver agreement significantly improved with postprocessing.

Conclusions:

Diagnosing optic neuritis on routine brain MRI presents significant challenges.
Postprocessing of MRI images can enhance diagnostic specificity, positive predictive value, and radiologist agreement.