Persistent Uncontrolled Asthma: Long-Term Impact on Physical Activity and Body Composition.
Mustafa Abdo1, Benjamin Waschki2, Anne-Marie Kirsten3
1LungenClinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany.
Journal of Asthma and Allergy
|March 19, 2021
Summary
Uncontrolled asthma leads to physical inactivity and poor body composition, including increased fat and decreased muscle mass. Monitoring physical activity offers a reliable way to track asthma symptom control and body composition changes.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Exercise Physiology
- Metabolic Health
Background:
- Asthma, obesity, and physical activity (PA) are interconnected.
- Longitudinal data on objective PA measures and direct body composition assessment in asthma are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of asthma symptom control on physical activity levels and body composition.
- To explore the relationship between asthma control, physical activity, and body composition over time.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal cohort study involving 233 asthma patients and 84 healthy controls.
- Objective assessment of body composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis.
- Measurement of physical activity using accelerometry (steps/day, moderate activity time) and assessment of asthma control (ACT, ACQ-5, exacerbations) over a two-year follow-up period.
Main Results:
- Uncontrolled asthma patients exhibited higher fat mass and lower muscle mass compared to controlled asthma patients and healthy controls.
- Asthma control and physical activity were identified as independent predictors of body composition, explaining 61% of the variance.
- Persistent uncontrolled asthma was associated with sustained physical inactivity, significant muscle loss, and fat accumulation, even with stable BMI.
Conclusions:
- Persistent uncontrolled asthma is linked to chronic physical inactivity and detrimental body composition changes, potentially missed by BMI alone.
- Physical activity serves as an independent predictor of body composition and a reliable indicator of long-term asthma symptom control.
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