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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
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A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency

Published on: September 15, 2021

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Spliceosomal snRNA Epitranscriptomics.

Pedro Morais1, Hironori Adachi2, Yi-Tao Yu2

  • 1ProQR Therapeutics, Leiden, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Genetics
|March 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), essential for splicing, are modified to gain unique properties. This review explores snRNA modifications, their mechanisms, and biological significance in pre-mRNA splicing.

Keywords:
2'-O-methylationN2-methylationN6-methyladenosineRNA modificationsepitranscriptomicspre-mRNA splicingpseudouridinesmall nuclear RNA

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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Gene Expression

Background:

  • Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are core components of the spliceosome, essential for pre-mRNA splicing.
  • snRNAs assemble with proteins into small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) in the nucleus.
  • snRNPs recognize intron-exon boundaries via base-pairing with pre-mRNA to form spliceosomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of snRNA modifications.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms and functions of these modifications.
  • To discuss the biological relevance of snRNA modifications in splicing.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on snRNA modifications.
  • Analysis of studies detailing the impact of modifications on snRNA structure and function.
  • Synthesis of information on the biological roles of modified snRNAs.

Main Results:

  • snRNAs undergo extensive and diverse RNA modifications.
  • These modifications impart unique structural and functional properties to snRNAs.
  • Modified snRNAs play crucial roles in efficient and accurate pre-mRNA splicing.

Conclusions:

  • snRNA modifications are critical for spliceosome function.
  • Understanding these modifications provides insights into gene regulation.
  • Further research into snRNA modification pathways can reveal new therapeutic targets.