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Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
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Developmental Changes in the Association Between Cognitive Control and Anxiety.

Courtney A Filippi1,2, Anni Subar3, Sanjana Ravi4

  • 1Emotion and Development Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. cfilippi@umd.edu.

Child Psychiatry and Human Development
|March 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Children with anxiety show less proactive cognitive control, especially younger children. This suggests anxiety impacts planning abilities, influenced by age and maturation, affecting cognitive control strategies.

Keywords:
AX-CPTAnxietyChildhoodCognitive controlProactive controlReactive control

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Anxiety is linked to reactive control, but evidence is indirect.
  • Few studies differentiate reactive vs. proactive cognitive control in anxiety.
  • No studies have examined this dissociation in children with anxiety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cognitive control strategies in youth with and without anxiety.
  • To differentiate reactive and proactive control using the AX-CPT task.
  • To examine the influence of age and anxiety on cognitive control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the AX-CPT task to assess cognitive control.
  • Included youth aged 8-18 with and without anxiety diagnoses (N=56).
  • Analyzed planful behavior as an indicator of proactive control.

Main Results:

  • Planful behavior varied significantly with age and anxiety symptoms.
  • Young children (8-12 years) with high anxiety showed less planful behavior.
  • Anxiety impacts proactive cognitive control, particularly in younger children.

Conclusions:

  • Anxiety is associated with reduced proactive cognitive control in children.
  • Age and maturation significantly influence the relationship between anxiety and cognitive control.
  • Findings offer insights into the pathophysiology of childhood anxiety.