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Cardiovascular disease prevention and therapy in women with Type 2 diabetes

Camilla Cocchi1, Francesca Coppi2, Alberto Farinetti3

  • 1Istituto Nazionale per le Ricerche Cardiovascolari, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy.

Future Cardiology
|March 19, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus face delayed cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment. This review examines cardiovascular risks and SGLT-2 inhibitor efficacy in women versus men.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death globally.
  • Women, particularly those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), experience underdiagnosis and delayed CVD diagnosis.
  • Diabetes is a significant cardiovascular risk factor, yet women with T2DM are often undertreated for CVD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the specific risks of cardiovascular disease in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • To investigate potential sex-based differences in the efficacy of SGLT-2 inhibitors, a class of glucose-lowering drugs.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review of existing literature.
  • The review focuses on cardiovascular risk factors and treatment disparities in women with T2DM.
  • Efficacy data for SGLT-2 inhibitors in men and women with T2DM are analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Women with T2DM are frequently categorized with lower cardiovascular risk and receive less intensive therapy compared to men.
  • Factors contributing to this gap include risk perception, sex-specific risk factors, and drug action.
  • The review explores whether SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrate differential efficacy between sexes.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of CVD in women with T2DM is critical.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and potentially mitigate sex-based differences in CVD risk and treatment response.
  • SGLT-2 inhibitors represent a potential therapeutic avenue, but their comparative efficacy in women requires careful consideration.

Keywords:
diabeteslifestylepreventionwomen

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