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Application analysis on the different neutron gamma density (NGD) logging methods.

Quanying Zhang1, Feng Zhang2, Chao Yuan3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources (Yangtze University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430100, China; College of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neutron gamma density (NGD) logging offers a safer alternative to traditional methods. This study compares three NGD techniques, finding they all accurately measure formation density despite environmental challenges.

Keywords:
Comparative studyData processingEnvironmental applicationLogging responseNeutron gamma density

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Area of Science:

  • Petrophysics
  • Nuclear Logging
  • Formation Evaluation

Background:

  • Traditional gamma-gamma density (GGD) logging faces radiation and safety concerns in the oil industry.
  • Neutron gamma density (NGD) logging emerges as a promising alternative, but multiple methods exist with varying tool specifications.
  • Existing NGD methods differ in hydrogen index (HI) correction strategies, necessitating a comparative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively study three representative NGD methods: fast neutron count ratio (NGD-FC), thermal neutron count ratio (NGD-TC), and capture gamma count ratio (NGD-CC).
  • To analyze differences in logging responses, data processing, and environmental applications among NGD-FC, NGD-TC, and NGD-CC methods.
  • To provide guidance for NGD tool design, data processing, and environmental correction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Monte Carlo simulation to establish an integrated NGD tool model.
  • Simulated and analyzed logging responses under various environmental conditions (wellbore size, fluid, lithology, salinity).
  • Evaluated data processing methods and environmental correction impacts on density measurements.

Main Results:

  • All three NGD methods successfully eliminate the HI effect and provide accurate formation density.
  • Wellbore size and fluid variations significantly impact all NGD methods, causing errors, especially with wellbore gas.
  • NGD-FC and NGD-CC show smaller density errors than NGD-TC in diverse lithologies.
  • NGD-FC excels in oil/gas-saturated formations, while NGD-TC and NGD-CC show large errors in gas-saturated zones.
  • NGD-FC is minimally affected by formation water salinity, NGD-TC is slightly affected, and NGD-CC is greatly affected.

Conclusions:

  • NGD logging is a viable alternative to GGD, addressing safety and radiation issues.
  • NGD-FC demonstrates superior performance across various challenging conditions, including gas-saturated formations and varying salinity.
  • The comparative study provides essential insights for optimizing NGD tool development and application in formation evaluation.