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Pediatric Craniofacial Fractures From Canine Bites
Brodie Parent1, Michael R Bykowski1, Fady Paul Marji1
1Department of Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|March 20, 2021
Summary
Pediatric craniofacial fractures from dog bites are linked to specific risk factors. Toddlers in rural areas with large dogs face the highest risk, necessitating targeted prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Trauma surgery
- Pediatric surgery
- Public health
Background:
- Craniofacial fractures from dog bites are rare but severe injuries in children.
- These injuries can lead to complex surgical needs, long-term functional issues, and psychological distress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors associated with craniofacial fractures in pediatric dog bite victims.
- To inform prevention efforts for dog bite-related injuries in children.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted from 2008 to 2019.
- Children with craniofacial fractures from dog bites were compared to a control group of dog bite encounters.
- Logistic regression analysis was used to determine odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Main Results:
- Caucasian race, age under five, rural location, child on the floor, and dog weight over 30 pounds were significantly associated with increased fracture risk.
- Of 114 children studied, 38 sustained 60 craniofacial fractures.
- Some patients required multiple reconstructive surgeries, and a percentage developed post-traumatic stress disorder.
Conclusions:
- Toddlers in rural settings with large dogs are at a significantly higher risk of craniofacial fractures from dog bites.
- Healthcare providers should utilize these findings to implement community-based prevention programs.
- Early identification of high-risk scenarios can mitigate severe outcomes from pediatric dog bite injuries.
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