Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

577
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
577
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

399
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
399
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

978
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
978
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

389
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
389
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

121
During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
121
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

638
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
638

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pain management after elective caesarean section under neuraxial anaesthesia: an updated systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management (PROSPECT) recommendations.

Anaesthesia·2026
Same author

Author's Reply: The Role of Surgical Techniques in Reducing Postoperative Pain in Abdominal Surgery: Evidence From the PROSPECT Systematic Reviews.

World journal of surgery·2025
Same author

Pain management after hallux valgus repair surgery: an updated systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management (PROSPECT) recommendations.

European journal of anaesthesiology·2025
Same author

Pain management for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: An update of the systematic review and procedure-specific postoperative pain management (PROSPECT) recommendations.

European journal of anaesthesiology·2025
Same author

The Role of Surgical Techniques in Reducing Postoperative Pain in Abdominal Surgery: Evidence From the PROSPECT Systematic Reviews.

World journal of surgery·2025
Same author

A survey of knowledge about PROcedure-SPEcific Postoperative Pain ManagemenT (PROSPECT) Recommendations.

European journal of anaesthesiology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP
14:56

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP

Published on: January 27, 2010

21.7K

Epidural analgesia for postoperative pain: Improving outcomes or adding risks?

Narinder Rawal1

  • 1Örebro University, Örebro, 70185, Sweden.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Anaesthesiology
|March 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Epidural analgesia (EA) benefits are overstated, with risks exceeding previous estimates. Safer, less invasive regional analgesia alternatives are emerging, improving postoperative pain management and recovery.

Keywords:
enhanced recovery after surgeryepidural analgesiainfiltrative blocksinterfascial blocksperipheral nerve blockspostoperative pain managementregional anaesthesia techniques

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy
03:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

888
Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery
05:39

Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery

Published on: June 23, 2023

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 12, 2025

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP
14:56

An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP

Published on: January 27, 2010

21.7K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy
03:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

888
Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery
05:39

Acupoint Needle-Embedding Combined with Ironing Therapy for Postoperative Pain After Anal Surgery

Published on: June 23, 2023

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pain Management
  • Surgical Recovery

Background:

  • Epidural analgesia (EA) benefits are now considered less impressive than previously thought.
  • EA poses greater risks and complications than initially estimated.
  • EA can impede early patient mobilization crucial for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the current role and effectiveness of epidural analgesia.
  • To explore safer and more effective alternatives to EA in surgical recovery.
  • To highlight the trend towards surgeon-delivered regional analgesia (RA).

Main Methods:

  • Systematic reviews of comparative studies comparing EA with alternative techniques.
  • Analysis of ERAS program effectiveness and challenges.
  • Review of surgeon-delivered regional analgesia (RA) methods.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests EA's benefits are overestimated, while risks are underestimated.
  • Alternatives like paravertebral block, peripheral nerve blocks, and transversus abdominis plane block are effective and safer.
  • Outpatient surgery models and simpler regional analgesia techniques show promise in reducing morbidity and hospitalization.

Conclusions:

  • EA's clinical role is decreasing due to its limitations and the availability of superior alternatives.
  • Surgeon-delivered regional analgesia, with anesthesiologist collaboration, offers a promising approach to improve postoperative pain management.
  • Regular institutional audits are essential to justify continued EA use, though rarely performed.