Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
07:48

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.4K

Acute kidney injury in children hospitalized for community acquired pneumonia

Pierluigi Marzuillo1, Vincenza Pezzella2,3, Stefano Guarino2

  • 1Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138, Napoli, Italy. pierluigi.marzuillo@unicampania.it.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|March 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Approximately 20% of children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) develop acute kidney injury (AKI). Factors like prolonged symptoms, severe pneumonia, and high C-reactive protein indicate higher AKI risk in pediatric CAP patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a known risk factor for developing chronic kidney disease.
  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults is associated with a significant prevalence of AKI.
  • The incidence and prognostic factors of AKI in children hospitalized with CAP require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of AKI in children hospitalized for CAP.
  • To identify prognostic factors associated with AKI in this pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical and biochemical data from 186 children hospitalized for CAP.
  • AKI diagnosis based on Kidney Disease/Improving Global Outcomes creatinine criteria.
  • Logistic regression models used to identify independent predictors of AKI.

Main Results:

  • AKI was diagnosed in 20.4% of pediatric CAP patients; most cases were mild (Stage 1 or 2).
  • Patients with AKI experienced a longer hospital stay compared to those without AKI.
  • Independent predictors for AKI included longer symptom duration before hospitalization, severe pneumonia, and elevated serum C-reactive protein levels.

Conclusions:

  • A notable proportion of children with CAP develop mild AKI, correlating with increased hospital length of stay.
  • Clinical vigilance for AKI is recommended in pediatric CAP cases, particularly when symptoms are prolonged or pneumonia is severe.
  • Elevated C-reactive protein levels may signal an increased risk of AKI in children with CAP.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryC-reactive proteinChildrenCommunity acquired pneumonia

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography03:19

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography

Published on: June 21, 2024

1.6K
Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis06:09

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis

Published on: July 18, 2017

8.3K

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
127
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
252
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
178
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
401
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
508
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
113