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Related Concept Videos

Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

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Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

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Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Measuring Bone Remodeling and Recreating the Tumor-Bone Microenvironment Using Calvaria Co-culture and Histomorphometry
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Measuring Bone Remodeling and Recreating the Tumor-Bone Microenvironment Using Calvaria Co-culture and Histomorphometry

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Calcaneal Bone Tumors.

Eric W Temple1, Ryan D Prusa1

  • 1The Iowa Clinic, 5950 University Avenue West, Des Moines, IA 50266, USA; Unitypoint Health - Iowa Methodist Medical Center, 1415 Woodland Avenue, Des Moines, IA 50309, USA.

Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|March 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bone tumors in the foot are rare, often benign, but malignant calcaneal tumors require prompt diagnosis. Early detection and treatment of these aggressive bone lesions are crucial to prevent misdiagnosis and ensure effective management.

Keywords:
BenignBoneCalcaneusLesionMalignantSurgicalTumor

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Oncology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Bone tumors of the foot are uncommon, with most being benign and incidentally discovered.
  • Malignant bone tumors, particularly in the calcaneus, can exhibit aggressive behavior.
  • Symptoms like pain and swelling may lead to misdiagnosis as soft tissue injuries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of bone tumors in the foot.
  • To emphasize the potential for aggressive behavior in malignant calcaneal bone tumors.
  • To discuss the role of imaging in diagnosing foot bone tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of imaging modalities including plain films and advanced imaging techniques.
  • Analysis of clinical presentation of malignant bone lesions.
  • Evaluation of surgical treatment options for foot bone tumors.

Main Results:

  • Malignant bone tumors in the calcaneus present a significant diagnostic challenge.
  • Pain and swelling are common symptoms of malignant lesions, often leading to misdiagnosis.
  • Imaging is essential for accurate diagnosis of bone tumors in the foot.

Conclusions:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of foot bone tumors is critical, especially for malignant lesions.
  • Prompt treatment, guided by imaging, is necessary for effective management of aggressive bone tumors.
  • Surgical interventions vary from bone grafting to amputation based on tumor aggressiveness.