Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration
10:14

Author Spotlight: Ex Vivo OCT-Based Multimodal Imaging of Human Donor Eyes for Research into Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Published on: May 26, 2023

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The Relationship between Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Jungmin Lee1, Heuy Sun Suh2, In Cheol Hwang2

  • 1Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Iranian Journal of Public Health
|March 22, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly stroke. Early detection and treatment of AMD may offer unexplored benefits for preventing CVD.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share common underlying pathological mechanisms.
  • The temporal relationship between AMD and CVD has not been clearly established.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for patient management and public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.
  • To evaluate the interactive association between AMD and CVD.
  • To determine the lead-lag relationship between these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to February 2019.
  • Pooled estimates based on study quality and specific types of AMD and CVD.
  • Assessed publication bias using Begg's test.

Main Results:

  • Nine studies examined the risk of AMD in CVD patients; ten studies examined the risk of CVD in AMD patients.
  • Evidence indicates AMD is a risk factor for CVD, with late AMD showing a stronger association.
  • Stroke demonstrated a closer link to AMD compared to coronary heart disease.

Conclusions:

  • AMD is confirmed as a risk factor for CVD, predominantly driven by an elevated stroke risk in individuals with late AMD.
  • Screening for CVD in AMD patients and potential AMD treatments may hold significant, yet unexplored, clinical benefits.
Abstract

Keywords:
Age-related macular degenerationCardiovascular diseaseMeta-analysisStroke

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