Three-dimensional finite element analysis with different internal fixation methods through the anterior approach

Area of Science:

• Biomechanics
• Orthopedic Surgery
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• High-energy trauma incidence, including acetabular fractures, has risen sharply in China.
• Acetabular fractures, particularly those involving the quadrilateral area, pose complex surgical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and compare finite element models for acetabular posterior column fractures.
• To evaluate the biomechanical performance of different internal fixation methods for these fractures.

Main Methods:

• Three-dimensional finite element models of normal and fractured pelves were created using CT data.
• Five distinct internal fixation constructs were modeled and analyzed.
• Stress and displacement patterns were simulated under standing and sitting positions.

Main Results:

• No significant differences in mean stress values were found among the five fixation groups in either position.
• The internal iliac plate group exhibited significantly less average displacement than the spring plate group.
• Stress in internal fixations was primarily concentrated at the fracture site.

Conclusions:

• Current internal fixation methods demonstrate comparable biomechanical stability for acetabular posterior column fractures involving the quadrilateral area.
• Further research may explore nuanced differences or long-term outcomes.