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Ionic liquids can affect coal spontaneous combustion. Fluorine-containing ionic liquids, like [Bmim][BF4], inhibit combustion by reducing surface temperature and delaying ignition, acting as flame retardants. Non-fluorine ionic liquids, however, accelerate coal combustion.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Combustion Chemistry
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) can interact with coal's active functional groups, potentially influencing its spontaneous combustion.
  • The thermal stability of ILs varies, leading to different effects on coal combustion thermodynamics and kinetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of five different ionic liquids on the thermal stability and flammability of long-flame coal.
  • To compare the flame-retardant properties of fluorine-containing ILs versus fluorine-free ILs when mixed with coal.

Main Methods:

  • Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to assess the thermal stability of coal-IL mixtures.
  • Cone calorimetry was employed to evaluate flammability parameters such as time to ignition (TTI), mass loss rate (MLR), and heat release rate (HRR).

Main Results:

  • Fluorine-containing ILs ([Bmim][BF4], [Hoemim][BF4], [Pmim][BF4]) extended the TTI and reduced MLR, HRR, THR, and SEA, indicating flame-retardant effects.
  • Non-fluorine ILs ([Bmim][NO3], [Bmim][Ac]) shortened TTI and increased MLR, HRR, and THR, suggesting they accelerate combustion.
  • The endothermic nature of fluorine-containing ILs contributed to reduced coal surface temperatures and delayed ignition.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorine-containing ionic liquids demonstrate potential as flame retardants for coal, primarily due to their thermal stability and endothermic decomposition.
  • Non-fluorine ionic liquids with poor thermal stability can exacerbate coal combustion by releasing heat early.
  • While effective, the combustibility of organic cations in fluorine-containing ILs necessitates further safety considerations regarding heat, smoke, and CO release at high temperatures.