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Related Concept Videos

Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

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Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
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Pneumothorax-II01:27

Pneumothorax-II

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Pneumothorax is a medical condition defined by the buildup of air in the pleural space between the lungs and the chest wall. This accumulation of air can lead to partial or complete lung collapse, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations. Understanding the clinical presentation and effective management strategies is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing timely and appropriate care to individuals with pneumothorax.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Muscles of the Thorax01:25

Muscles of the Thorax

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The thorax muscles are central to the body's respiration and provide essential support and movement for the upper body. They are intricately designed to facilitate the complex breathing process while also contributing to the structural integrity and mobility of the chest and upper limbs.
The diaphragm is at the core of thoracic musculature, the primary muscle involved in breathing. This expansive, dome-shaped muscle marks the division between the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It...
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Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation01:17

Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

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Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons
09:43

Functional and Morphological Assessment of Diaphragm Innervation by Phrenic Motor Neurons

Published on: May 25, 2015

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[DIAPHRAGMATIC PARALYSIS].

Chen Chen Shauli1, Nissim Arish1, Ariel Rokach1

  • 1Pulmonary Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Harefuah
|March 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

One-sided diaphragmatic paralysis is usually asymptomatic but can cause shortness of breath. This case highlights idiopathic paralysis, emphasizing the need for diagnosis and management of this respiratory condition.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Science
  • Pulmonology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • One-sided diaphragmatic paralysis is a common condition, often asymptomatic.
  • Symptomatic presentation can occur with acute onset or underlying lung disease.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with subacute shortness of breath, particularly when supine.
  • Extensive investigations were performed to determine the cause.

Findings:

  • The cause of diaphragmatic paralysis in this patient was not identified, consistent with idiopathic cases.
  • The article provides an overview of diaphragmatic paralysis etiology, differential diagnosis, and treatment.

Implications:

  • Highlights the diagnostic challenges of idiopathic diaphragmatic paralysis.

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  • Emphasizes the importance of considering diaphragmatic paralysis in patients with unexplained dyspnea.
  • Informs clinical practice regarding the evaluation and management of diaphragmatic paralysis.