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Genetic variations in the human immune system influence susceptibility to tegumentary leishmaniasis: a systematic
Daniele Stéfanie Sara Lopes Lera-Nonose1,2, Larissa Ferreira De Oliveira3, Aline Brustolin1
1Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual De Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Objectives:
The outcomes of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) rely on a complex interaction between the host immune system and the parasite. This study assessed the influence of polymorphisms in immune-related genes on TL.
Methods:
Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched systemically. The meta-analysis used a retrospective model in examining alleles, heterozygotes, and homozygotes. A quality assessment and an analysis of cumulative evidence were performed.
Results:
A total of 29 genes (encoding for cytokines, chemokines, and other immune receptors) and 84 polymorphisms were analyzed. The IL-1β_rs16944 (OR = 1.341, p = 0.003), TNF-α_rs1800629 (OR = 3.804, p = 0.004), MIF_rs755622 (OR = 3.357, p = 0.001), and INF- γ_rs243056 (OR = 1.670, p = 0.028) polymorphisms were speculated as risk factor for TL. They decrease the expression of the corresponding genes crucial for TL control. The quality assessment score was approximately 50%, suggesting the need for a clear method and polymorphism characterization for further comparison. The relevant risk of bias and other considerations resulted in low and moderate cumulative evidence confidence.
Conclusions:
IL-1β_rs16944, TNF-α_rs1800629, MIF_rs755622, and INF-γ_rs2430561 polymorphisms were speculated as risk factor for TL, corroborating that IL-1β, TNF-α, INF-γ, and MIF are involved in the TL pathogenesis.
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