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Meniscal repair: The current state and recent advances in augmentation
Sonia Bansal1, Edward R Floyd2, Michael A Kowalski3
1University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Summary
Meniscal repair aims to preserve knee joint function, shifting from meniscectomy. Current research explores biological and material strategies to improve healing and integrate meniscal tissue effectively.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Meniscal injuries are common orthopedic issues.
- Partial meniscectomy, the frequent treatment, can negatively impact joint mechanics.
- There's a growing trend towards meniscal repair for tissue preservation, but challenges remain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current surgical management of meniscal injuries.
- To explore novel approaches for enhancing meniscal repair.
- To identify biological and material-based systems promoting meniscal healing.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review.
- Identification of meniscal tear classifications and prevalence.
- Analysis of current and developing repair techniques, including biologic and material-based systems.
Main Results:
- Biologic augmentation enhances cellular incorporation, vascularization, matrix deposition, and reduces inflammation.
- Materials, with or without biologics, support matrix deposition and tear integration.
- Novel tissue adhesives offer potential mechanical integrity for meniscus repair.
Conclusions:
- Developing approaches show promise for salvaging meniscal tissue.
- In vitro and in vivo studies provide insights into healing mechanisms.
- Further research and regulatory considerations are needed for clinical translation of enhanced meniscal repair techniques.
