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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 11, 2025

Integrating Computerized Linguistic and Social Network Analyses to Capture Addiction Recovery Capital in an Online Community
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A Therapeutic Relational Agent for Reducing Problematic Substance Use (Woebot): Development and Usability Study.

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  • 1Stanford Prevention Research Center, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.

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Summary

Woebot for substance use disorders (W-SUDs) showed feasibility and acceptability, significantly reducing substance use, cravings, and improving confidence. High attrition was noted, warranting further research with improved retention strategies.

Keywords:
acceptabilityaddictionartificial intelligencechatbotconversational agentcravingfeasibilitymobile phonepsychoeducationpsychotherapeuticsubstance misusetreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Digital mental health
  • Substance use disorder treatment
  • Artificial intelligence in healthcare

Background:

  • Substance misuse is prevalent, costly, and often untreated due to access barriers.
  • Woebot, an AI-driven mental health tool, previously alleviated depressive symptoms.
  • This study adapted Woebot for substance use disorders (W-SUDs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt Woebot for substance use disorder treatment (W-SUDs).
  • To examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of W-SUDs.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 101 American adults (18-65) with substance misuse via online sources and flyers.
  • Employed a single-group pre/postdesign over 8 weeks, utilizing W-SUDs with DBT and MI elements.
  • Assessed changes in substance use, confidence, cravings, mood, and pain using paired t tests and McNemar tests.

Main Results:

  • W-SUDs use averaged 15.7 days, 12.1 modules, and 600.7 messages per participant.
  • In-app craving ratings halved (OR 0.48), and confidence to resist urges significantly increased (P<.001).
  • Significant decreases observed in substance use occasions (P<.001), AUDIT-C (P<.001), DAST (P<.001), PHQ-8 (P=.005), GAD-7 (P=.001), and cravings (P=.01).

Conclusions:

  • W-SUDs demonstrated feasibility, engagement, and acceptability.
  • Associated with significant improvements in substance use, confidence, cravings, depression, and anxiety.
  • High study attrition necessitates future research with improved retention strategies and diverse samples.