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Mortality threat mitigates interpersonal competition: an EEG-based hyperscanning study.

Xiaoyu Zhou1, Yafeng Pan2, Ruqian Zhang1

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Summary

Mortality threat (MT) reduces interpersonal competition and cooperation, decreasing gamma-band inter-brain synchronization (IBS) during competitive tasks. This effect, measurable by machine learning, highlights how death awareness impacts social dynamics.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Awareness of death influences human cognition and behavior.
  • The impact of mortality threat (MT) on daily social behavior is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how mortality threat affects social behavior and neurophysiological activity in dyads.
  • To explore the relationship between mortality threat, interpersonal competition, and inter-brain synchronization (IBS).

Main Methods:

  • Developed a dyadic experimental model with 86 adult participants (43 dyads).
  • Manipulated mortality threat (MT) versus neutral control (NC) conditions.
  • Measured neurophysiological activity using electroencephalography (EEG) during competitive and cooperative tasks.
  • Utilized a machine-learning approach to discriminate between MT and NC groups based on IBS.

Main Results:

  • The MT group exhibited reduced competition and slightly increased cooperation compared to the NC group.
  • MT significantly decreased gamma-band IBS in the competitive context, correlating with increased subjective fear of death.
  • These MT effects were context-specific, not observed in the cooperative task.
  • Machine learning successfully classified participants into MT or NC groups based on IBS patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Mortality threat can mitigate interpersonal competition, potentially through altered neural synchrony.
  • Gamma-band IBS during competitive tasks is a potential neural marker for the effects of mortality threat.
  • Findings provide insights into the neurophysiological underpinnings of social behavior under existential threat.