An Artificial Electrical-Chemical Mixed Synapse Based on Ion-Gated MoS₂ Nanosheets for Real-Time Facilitation Index...

Tunability of facilitation in short-term memory (STM) provides great potential in bioinspired computing. Recently, several doping strategies were proposed to modify the intrinsic features of materials, resulting in the optimization of the facilitation index (FI). However, real-time scale tuning, which is implemented on the same synaptic device, has not yet been demonstrated. Inspired by the chemical-electrical mixed synapse structure in the brain, we propose a three-terminal artificial synapse based on an ion-gated MoS₂ memristor. The gate terminal serves as a nonvolatile ionic pump via chemical intercalation, which effectively affects both the conductance baseline and the hysteresis degree of the STM effect of the memristor. We further modeled the postsynaptic current (PSC) behavior and used it for reservoir computing. Simulation results show that, due to the real-time tuning ability, the built reservoir can be programmed for specific handwritten recognition tasks with the pruning of neurons from 784 to 50. The developed artificial mixed synapse is promising for a downsampling module in neural network design.