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Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

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Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
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Aligning actions are communicative strategies individuals employ to maintain social harmony and preserve personal identity in the face of potential disruptions to social norms. These actions are particularly important in managing social impressions when one's behavior might be seen as inappropriate, incompetent, or morally questionable.Types of Aligning ActionsThe three principal types of aligning actions are disclaimers, accounts, and apologies.DisclaimersDisclaimers are preventive; they are...
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People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
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The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
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The Grievance Dictionary: Understanding threatening language use.

Isabelle van der Vegt1, Maximilian Mozes2,3,4, Bennett Kleinberg2,3,5

  • 1Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, UK. isabelle.vandervegt@ucl.ac.uk.

Behavior Research Methods
|March 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the Grievance Dictionary, a new tool for analyzing language in threat assessment. It helps identify patterns in language associated with grievance-fueled violence.

Keywords:
GrievancesLIWCLanguagePsycholinguistic dictionaryThreat assessmentViolence

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Social Science
  • Security Studies

Background:

  • Threat assessment increasingly relies on analyzing textual data.
  • Identifying linguistic markers of grievance-fueled violence is crucial for early intervention.
  • Existing tools lack specificity for understanding grievance-related language.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Grievance Dictionary, a psycholinguistic resource for automated analysis of grievance-related language.
  • To provide a tool for security professionals and researchers to aid in violence threat assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the Grievance Dictionary through expert consultation and large-scale participant annotation (20,502 words, 2318 annotators).
  • Validation using texts from violent and non-violent individuals to identify distinct linguistic patterns.
  • Application in classification tasks to assess the dictionary's predictive performance.

Main Results:

  • The Grievance Dictionary contains 20,502 words categorized based on grievance expression.
  • Significant differences were observed in dictionary category usage between violent and non-violent populations.
  • Initial classification tasks demonstrated promising, though not perfect, performance.

Conclusions:

  • The Grievance Dictionary is a validated psycholinguistic tool effective in differentiating language use related to grievance.
  • The dictionary shows potential for improving automated threat assessment systems for grievance-fueled violence.
  • Further refinement and application are recommended for enhanced accuracy and broader utility.